Which types of depressive disorders are categorized under DSM-5?

The correct answer includes Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, and Persistent Depressive Disorder as types of depressive disorders recognized in the DSM-5.

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder is characterized by severe temper outbursts that are out of proportion to the situation and inconsistent with the developmental level of the child, primarily affecting children and adolescents. This disorder was introduced to address the increasing concern over the misdiagnosis of children with bipolar disorder.

Major Depressive Disorder, one of the most recognized forms of depression, manifests through persistent feelings of sadness or a lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities, accompanied by cognitive and physical symptoms that significantly impact daily functioning.

Persistent Depressive Disorder, formerly referred to as Dysthymia, is characterized by a chronic form of depression that lasts for at least two years in adults (one year in children and adolescents), where symptoms are less severe than Major Depressive Disorder but can still greatly affect an individual’s quality of life.

The other options categorize disorders that belong to different diagnostic clusters in the DSM-5. For instance, phobia and obsessive-compulsive disorders fall within anxiety disorders, while bipolar disorder and schizophrenia represent mood and psychotic disorders, respectively. Thus, option