Which characteristic is associated with Intellectual Disabilities?

Intellectual Disabilities are fundamentally characterized by significant deficits in cognitive functioning and adaptive behaviors. This includes areas such as reasoning, planning, problem-solving, abstract thinking, judgment, and academic learning. When individuals have Intellectual Disabilities, they often have an overall IQ that is significantly lower than average, which directly impacts their capacity to perform complex tasks and engage in reasoning processes.

The correct choice reflects a core feature of Intellectual Disabilities; it emphasizes the challenges these individuals face in their cognitive abilities that affect their daily functioning. Deficits in reasoning and planning mean that individuals with these disabilities may struggle to understand information, solve problems, and make decisions that are essential for everyday life.

Other choices, while they may relate to certain characteristics of individuals with various conditions, do not directly define Intellectual Disabilities. For example, anxiety and mood regulation, deficits in social communication, and persistent hyperactivity can be relevant in other diagnoses but are not essential features of Intellectual Disabilities specifically. Therefore, the focus on deficits in reasoning and planning is what makes this choice the most accurate representation of the characteristics associated with Intellectual Disabilities.