What is a defining feature of Dissociative Identity Disorder?

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is characterized primarily by the presence of two or more distinct personality states, often referred to as alter egos or identities. Each of these identities may have its own unique behaviors, memories, and ways of perceiving the world. This fragmentation of identity is a central feature of the disorder, distinguishing it from other psychological conditions.

Those with DID may experience gaps in memory and periods of dissociation, where different identities may take control at different times. This phenomenon is often associated with a history of trauma, particularly in early childhood, leading to the development of these distinct identities as a coping mechanism.

The other options reflect traits or symptoms that may be found in various psychological disorders but do not specifically define DID. For instance, having a single personality would contradict the very nature of Dissociative Identity Disorder, which is all about multiple identities. Experiencing extreme anxiety can occur in many mental health disorders and is not a defining characteristic of DID. Similarly, a lack of emotional responses can arise in various contexts but does not accurately represent the complex emotional experiences often present in individuals with DID. Thus, the defining feature of DID is the existence of two or more distinct personality states.