Encopresis is primarily associated with which of the following?

Encopresis refers to a condition characterized by the involuntary passing of feces in inappropriate places. This condition typically arises in children who are at least four years old, which is the age when children are usually expected to have established bowel control. Encopresis can result from a variety of factors, including constipation, emotional distress, or behavioral issues.

The condition specifically deals with fecal incontinence rather than urinary incontinence, which is why it is associated with the involuntary passing of feces. Understanding this distinction is crucial, as it underscores the nature of encopresis as a disorder linked to bowel control, rather than urinary issues or any other unrelated symptoms. The other answer choices pertain to different conditions or behaviors not relevant to encopresis, reinforcing the clarity and specificity required in accurately identifying the condition.